Monday, December 14, 2015

LNA for all - Low Noise Amplifier for many applications from 28 MHz to 2500 MHz

Are you looking for the cheap multipurpose preamplifier? HAM radio, DVB-T, ATV, SETI, ADB-S, Air traffic and many more applications all in one PCB, "turn the key" solution.


Low noise and low price amplifier that can find his place in many applications is ready. When I said low noise I mean the noise figure that is lower or equal to 1dB over all range. The LNA is covering all bands starting from HF up to the SHF. Wide band gain coverage starting from 28 MHz and extending up to 2500 MHz. One LNA for all frequencies and more. This small gadget can lower and improve you DVB-T SDR stick noise figure and improve the sensitivity. Adding the LNA in front the front end of your receiver can open another dimension in your reception. Receiving HAM radio satellites should not be a problem even with the small setup and portable antennas.


The amplifier is built around Mini-Circuits PSA4-5043+ E-PHEMT Ultra Low noise MMIC amplifier operating from 50 MHz to 4 GHz. Small SOT-343 package combine low noise and high IP3 performance with internal match to 50 ohms. Manufacturer declare a 0.75dB NF @ 1 GHz and 0.98dB NF @ 2 GHz with IP3 value reaching 33.5dBm. Beside the LNA purpose the same component can be used as a small driver amplifier capable of delivering +21dBm of output signal thanks to high P1dB value. The last but very handy feature is Class 1B ESD protection incorporated on die making this device easy for handling.


Even the price is very popular the performance of the LNA4ALL can be compared with the really expensive LNA in range on the market. We made a several independent lab measurements just to prove the quality of the product and thanks to all this guys we do have some relevant figures. One of the measurements is the TOI (Third-order intercept point) or widely known IP3 done by Thomas, DG1TRF. The TOI/IP3 graph was derived from the automatic measurements sweeping the range from 10 MHz to 3.5 GHz in 10 Mhz steps. The average TOI/IP3 is 34.75 dBm over the range.



The above graph was derived from the single measurements like the one bellow on the 1296 Mhz. Following the markers it is easy to calculate the TOI/IP3 but even easier if you have the machine showing all the results for you.


 Thanks to Joost from the Netherlands we do have the latest batch S parameters measurement. As can be noticed, the S1,1 is not good at the lower frequencies but for that we do have the LNA4HF designed for the lower bands.

The LNA is made on professionally made printed circuit board measuring 25x25 mm that can be used also for the other active components using the same SOT-343 package and pin out. There is enough place to combine the input and output matching components on the same board, as well as the bias resistors and various bias configuration. The 500mA 5V voltage regulator is integrated on the board where any voltage from 6 V to 9 V DC can be used for the supply. The consumption is between 55 mA and 65 mA.


Turn the key solution is delivered with the standard female SMA connectors insuring stable operation over all range of frequencies. Experience users and builders may prefer the version without SMA connectors in order to house the LNA into the proper aluminum milled box or other metal housing. We predict also this scenario ensuring the 3 mm dia. holes for tight connection. The ground loops and not a proper grounding is a common mistake among the home brewers all leading to unstable LNA operation and self-oscillations. If you plan to use the LNA this way we prepare also the holes close to the SMA connectors as well to overcome possible problems.


If you already experience the quality of our ideas upconverter up-100 then you know what we are talking about. Enjoy your radio !

BASIC SETUP

The basic setup, what you get when you buy the LNA4ALL is presented on the next slide. The LNA4ALL tested and checked, ready for 6-9 V DC supply. The latest PCBs are "gold" color and the 5V voltage regulator is AMS1117-5V0 instead of the very first version where the 78M05 was used. C10 capacitor is also fitted despite the fact that this is the part required for the optional through the coax power supply.



MODIFICATIONS (not included in the basic setup order)

5V DC modification
The most asked modification is a 5 V DC supply possibility. It is very easy to do that just by adding the 0 ohm 0805 SMD size bridge or just a peace of wire on the place marked J3 on the PCB (green colored SMD component on the next slide). Using the same power leads you can power the LNA4ALL now with the 5V DC. We do not supply extra parts for modifications any more.

12V to 13.8V DC modification
Next most common modification is possibility to supply the LNA4ALL from the 12V to 13.8V DC power supply. The voltage regulator on board should meet this request, but it is much safer to run the LNA through the simple 100 ohms resistor in series with the positive power lead. You should rate the resistor power based on the fact that the LNA consumption is 60 mA. 1 watt resistor should do the job as per next slide.

Bias-T supply modification
One of the feature requested from the users was the so called "phantom power supply" through the bias-T configuration. To supply the LNA4ALL with the DC power through the coaxial cable from the receiver or bias-T close to the receiver just a simple add-on is required. The 10uH SMD 0805 size inductor should be placed on the place marked L2 close to the OUT  SMA connector. The PCB can accommodate also 0603 and 1006 SMD standard inductor. (Green color on the next slide). The power should be anything from 6-9V DC. If you want to use the 12V - 13.6V supply use the 100 ohms resistor in series with your Bias-T unit close to the receiver side. We do not supply any more the 10uH inductor nor the bias-T unit.

Bias-T 5V DC modification
And what if you have available only 5V DC on the antenna port of your receiver. (I think the FunCube Dongle have this option, or not ??) In that case, the same modification from the previous slide is required (10uH inductor on the place L2) plus the 0 ohm 0805 SMD size resistor or a wire bridge on the place marked J3. Now you can power your LNA4ALL with the 5V through the coaxial cable.


ESD static protection modification
Another very common question is how to protect the LNA from the statics coming from the antenna. We do receive some letters indicating the problem where the MMIC is damaged due to statics or corona discharge effect on the antenna constantly connected to the LNA. So how to protect the LNA? The best way is to disconnect the antenna and before connecting the same back, properly ground and discharge the antenna.
This can not be always possible and handy so the only protection that is used widely is to bridge the input antenna with the BAV99 antiparalel pair of diodes like on the next slide. This may save your LNA but not from the direct thunder hit :-)
The solder mask should be scratched off and the BAV99 diode soldered (green on the next slide) on the antenna input. Using the antiparalel diodes will degrade NF and S11 a bit and there is a treat of the intermodulation products created on the diodes if the strong broadcast signals are present on the antenna. So beware of this facts.


HackRF modification
After a couple of queries how to pair the LNA4ALL with the HackRF here is the simple explanation to make the life easier for the user.

There is the phantom power (3.3V & 50mA) option on the HackRF antenna port, software control. This can be used to power the LNA4ALL just in the RX mode. You can not transmit through the LNA4ALL using this modification.
The LNA4ALL can operate also on 3.3V where the consumption is cca. 35mA. All you need to do is to insert the 10uH SMD coil and 0 ohm SMD bridge (or just a piece of wire) on the green marked components and you can use the benefit of the HackRF phantom power.
The performance of the LNA4ALL remain almost the same, just the IP3 is a bit lower, but also the NF is a bit better resulting the lower consumption of 35mA comparing to 60mA when 5V is used.

Important note:
If the LNA4ALL is damaged (usually with the static) it can draw more than 250mA, in some cases even maximum current that the supply can deliver. To protect the AirSPY, HackRF, USB ports or other devices from excessive current instead of 0 ohm required for the modification the SMD 0805 size resettable fuse 100mA or 160mA should be used. In this case no damage should occur on the slave equipment used.


HackRF TX amplifier modification
Note: First of all, you should be aware that transmitting without licence may get you in trouble. Also, transmitting with higher power level then allowed may get you in trouble but you can get others in trouble too. Consult the local law and rules before transmitting !

This is a DIY project, do not ask me to make the HackRF TX amp. modification for you.

With this modification you can amplify your transmitted HackRF signal to over 100mW (+21dBm) and at the same time use the HackRF Bias-T for DC power supplying the same amplifier. To enable this feature you will need to insert the 10uH or 8.2uH SMD coil (green marked component on the picture) on the IN side of the LNA4ALL. This is the same coil (marked L2) that is used for enabling the Bias-T RX mode. As there is no pads on the input side of the PCB the coil should be flipped up side down so the contacts can be soldered using a magnet wire to the input capacitor C4 and the other side to the C9 as per picture. Keep the wire leads as short as possible to avoid oscillations. Connect the IN port to the HackRF antenna connector and LNA4ALL OUT port to the antenna. Enable HackRF Bias-t and depending the HackRF output level the LNA4ALL output can reach over 160mW. Usual power level required for that power is 0dBm up to 500MHz. As you go up with the frequency you need to increase the drive to get the +21dBm output. Do not go over +10dBm (10mW) at 2.4GHz. The consumption is the same as in RX mode, max 60mA @ 5V DC.

Note: 160mW seems like a low power, but using directional antennas and high frequency with the clear line of sight the distances of 200km to 300km can be reach without a problem. 



AirSPY modification
As the AirSPY hit the market many users are asking is it possible to pair the LNA4ALL and the AirSPY using the Bias-T feature on board the AirSPY. I did not found the specs. about the maximum current that the AirSPY can provide through the Bias-T just the voltage, 4.5V DC. Some of the users advice that there is 250mA voltage regulator on board for the Bias-T but the the manufacturer point the 50mA as the maximum current, on various forums.

If the Bias-T can provide the 4.5V and 50mA then the LNA4ALL can be used with the following modification. It is the same modification required for the HackRF, no difference.The LNA4ALL can operate also on 4.5V where the consumption is cca. 47mA. All you need to do is to insert the 10uH SMD coil and 0 ohm SMD bridge (or just a piece of wire) on the green marked components and you can use the benefit of the AirSPY phantom power.
The performance of the LNA4ALL remain almost the same, just the IP3 is a bit lower, but also the NF is a bit better resulting the lower consumption of 47mA comparing to 60mA when 5V is used.

Important note:
If the LNA4ALL is damaged (usually with the static) it can draw more than 250mA, in some cases even maximum current that the supply can deliver. To protect the AirSPY, HackRF, USB ports or other devices from excessive current instead of 0 ohm required for the modification the SMD 0805 size resettable fuse 100mA or 160mA should be used. In this case no damage should occur on the slave equipment used.
RTL.SDR dongle modification
Today we have many vendors producing their own dongles based on the RTL chipset. Each one offer something different, listening the market and modifying the dongles by the user requests. One of many that offer some handy add-ons is the RTL.SDR type dongle. Beside the nice aluminum housing and improved cooling the dongle offer the Bias-T feature. Enabling the Bias-T, the dongle will deliver the 5V DC to the SMA antenna input connector protected from the high current by ressetable fuse. Nice feature not seen on the other dongles.

To supply the LNA4ALL using the mentioned RTL.SDR feature you need to do is to insert the 10uH SMD coil and 0 ohm SMD bridge (or just a piece of wire) on the green marked components. The performance of the LNA4ALL should remain the same. At 5V provided by the dongle, the LNA4ALL will draw 60mA.



1,396 comments:

  1. I can't contact you..What is your mail ??
    Michel F5YH Marseille/France

    ReplyDelete
  2. My mail is michel@f5yh.com and your mail adamremove9a4qv@yahoo.com seems to be not valid by yahoo..
    I want to buy a LNA at 20 + 5 euros to france.
    Please, contact me, i can pay Paypal.
    73 Michel F5YH

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Did you remove the "remove" in the mailadress?
      The correct adress can also be found at http://www.qsl.net/9a4qv/
      73

      Delete
  3. What if I want to power this device from USB?

    ReplyDelete
  4. If you want to power the device from the USB then you need to connect the +5V DC to the output pin of the onboard 78M05 voltage regulator, or you can use the existing pad but then you need to remove the 78M05 from the PCB and short the in/out regulator pads.

    ReplyDelete
  5. I believe it could be powered through the coaxial with some minor mods. I would remove all the power parts and replace the AC coupling cap with a 0 ohm resistor, then I would install a biass-tee at the shack.

    The mmic itself seems to have great NF and IP3 values. But it would maybe become overloaded in a big city. I am planning to place a simple BPF before the LNA but I think it would be nice to have the footprints in the board so you could install the filter for you favorite band.

    ReplyDelete
  6. I gave a look at the datasheet at Minicircuits web site. I think it could be powered with a Li-ion cell for long hours. The 7805 would have to be removed. That would be handy for field day operations. Li-ion cells can be savaged from old laptop battery packs.

    73
    Ricardo EA1APM

    ReplyDelete
  7. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  8. Does it perform below 28mhz??

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Yes it does but not so good as declared on higher frequencies.
      The lower frequency limit is 14MHz with gain of 10dB.
      If you need a HF only amplifier or something like in my upconverter UP-100 write me mail, we can do that.

      Delete
    2. I have a Nooelec Ham it upconverter, can you do an LNA for that? Maybe 20dB? maybe under 1.5dB NF?

      Delete
    3. This is exactly what we have already implemented in our upconverter:
      http://upconverterup-100.blogspot.com/

      For the moment, we do not have any left and available but in next 30 days we should be out with the new batch of upconverter, and yes, it will be with the 125Mhz LO instead of 100MHz due to user request.

      If you need just the amplifier 20db for HF with the NF up to 1.5dB I can do that on the same PCB as LNA4ALL just another component, same price.

      Delete
    4. which is the email address for contact. The account of Yahoo, send mistake

      Delete
  9. Something like this:
    http://youtu.be/VNVRpo8i92s

    ReplyDelete
  10. So. out of curiosity, what sort of connector is present on this board? Does it plug straight into the Newsky tv228t SDR receiver?

    ReplyDelete
  11. The LNA4ALL has two SMA (female) connector on board.
    So far i have not seen the USB SDR dongle with the SMA, except modified.

    ReplyDelete
  12. Does it need Power?
    If Yes i see no Power socket.

    ReplyDelete
  13. If I am to power this from USB would it be better to bypass the voltage regulator completely and bridge the in/out pins or just attach 5v to the output pin of the regulator? Also, because the power coming in looks to go through an inductor then to the output, will I see a significant drop in performance from powering it from 5v rather than 12v? Thank you!

    ReplyDelete
  14. You can bridge the in/out pins of the 5V regulator simply by soldering the 0 ohm bridge on the PCB. There is a dedicated place for the 0805 SMD 0 ohm bridge and use the same power pads for the 5V supply.

    Instead you can just connect the positive 5V to the output pin of the regulator.

    The power does not go to the RF output pin. (This is the option for the Bias+T LNA power through the coax). This option is not included on the LNA but there is place on the PCB to add the 10uH inductor and 1nF capacitor.

    You can power the LNA from 3.3V to 5V. If you plan to use 12V then you need a regulator.

    ReplyDelete
  15. Hello,

    is this still available for purchase. If so, where can I order some?

    Cheers.

    ReplyDelete
  16. Hello Norbert,

    yes, the LNAis available, just send me e-mail.
    The address is under CONTACTS, top left page side.

    thanks
    Adam

    ReplyDelete
  17. Hi Adam

    Could you confirm the cost including shipping to the UK and your prefered method of payment as I would like to buy one of your LNA's

    Regards
    Brendan
    G1OHD

    ReplyDelete
  18. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  19. Hello Brendan,

    can you contact me via e-mail,
    total price for the U.K is 25 Euro

    Adam

    ReplyDelete
  20. what is max bandwide of upconverter??

    ReplyDelete
  21. Could LNA4ALL be used as a repeater for a given frequency band, with the necessary filters?

    ReplyDelete
  22. Yes it can, but you need to pay the attention also on the isolation between the input and output (antenna) as you may provoke the oscillations if the isolation is poor.
    Adam

    ReplyDelete
  23. Thanks Adam. Do you mean that both antennae need to be distant one from the other? I understand that we should avoid the repeater to be continuously repeating packets being transmitted by itself. This will be very difficult to achieve in fact...

    ReplyDelete
  24. Could lower current consumption be obtained at the expense of lower power gain, while still maintaining good noise figure? 20+ dB of gain is too much for my application, 10-15dB would be perfectly adequate.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. This can not be done, the device operate also on 3.5V but with some lower IP3 and maybe better NF. The gain is always the same. You can always use the attenuator after the LNA to control the required gain, and at the same time have better match between the stages

      Delete
  25. Hi!
    Can you check if you received my email (from michele@computerteam.it or m.costantino@computerteam.it).
    I wanna order a 25€ preassembled kit!

    ReplyDelete
  26. My brother recently gave me a gold LNA to try and use for a recent maker faire display. Sadly we could not do it because the LNA was DOA. When I hook it up to my bench supply it causes the PSU to fault like it has a short and the regulator gets blistering hot.

    Do you think that a replacement could be sent out ?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Thanks for your speedy email reply. My brother is waiting to send the payment for a second one and in the meantime I am going to try to take the regulator out and see if it will work while I wait for a new one.

      Delete
  27. Hi, pharmacy already closed? orders still accepted?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. It seems that the mailing address uzhu killed)

      Delete
    2. Of course, the pharmacy is open and full of medicine. We receive the patients all around the world every day. It seems that you are knocking on the wrong door.

      Delete
  28. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  29. Adam, take please order to adam9a4qv@yahoo.com. Thanks

    ReplyDelete
  30. Are you planning on producing your "UP-100" up converter again?

    Thanks,

    Robert Dorr WA7ZQR

    ReplyDelete
  31. For the moment we sold all, the Upconverters and the blank PCBs.
    Will decide in January if we will continue with the UPconverter.

    Thanks
    Adam

    ReplyDelete
  32. Adam, any chance you will (eventually) start producing the upconverter again?

    Thanks,
    Luis

    ReplyDelete
  33. Your yahoo email bounced. Are you still in business?
    John

    ReplyDelete
  34. Your yahoo email bounced. Are you still in business?
    John

    ReplyDelete
  35. Hi Adam, You can still sell blank PCBs LNA ?

    Viktor UA4ATB

    ReplyDelete
  36. Dear your email address not working for me . Can you please contact me through this mail please. krishaja@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Delivery to the following recipient failed permanently:

      adamremove9a4qv@yahoo.com

      Technical details of permanent failure:
      Google tried to deliver your message, but it was rejected by the server for the recipient domain yahoo.com by mta5.am0.yahoodns.net. [98.138.112.32].

      The error that the other server returned was:
      554 delivery error: dd This user doesn't have a yahoo.com account (adamremove9a4qv@yahoo.com) [0] - mta1581.mail.ne1.yahoo.com

      Delete
  37. You have to remove the "remove" part in his mailaddress ;)

    ReplyDelete
  38. Wholesale shop for quality PCB boards, circuit boards for Pcbfpcboard.com one stop solution for all kind of electronic printed circuit boards at affordable price rate.
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  39. Hello,
    What's the difference between the Lna4all and the cheap LNAs from Aliexpress?
    Thanks for your help.
    Regards,
    James.

    ReplyDelete
  40. Hello James,

    I did not tried Aliexpress LNAs so I can not tell the difference other than the price.

    ReplyDelete
  41. This is my first time i visit here. I found so many entertaining stuff in your blog. Keep up the good work.
    Plastic Flow Meter

    ReplyDelete
  42. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  43. Just wanted thank for the good service. i have no prior knowledge about radio, so I have no idea how this compares to other products, but for my needs together with my home hacked QFH-antenna I went from almost no signal to a very clear fine signal. I'm mighty pleased. I used the LNA to improve signal from NOAA on 137MHz

    ReplyDelete
  44. i received the item, thank you very much.
    i require small clarification - i do not have RTL SDR which can supply 5V to LNA. one i have is lnaall alll with 5v bias RTL SDR modification.
    Can i give 5V input through, normal external 5V input and GND pins rather than RTL SDR output port.
    waiting to use LNA based on your reply

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Yes you can supply the 5V using the side pads, but the DC you supply will reach your dongle through the coaxial cable. If your dongle or receiver has the DC block at the input (simple serial capacitor) than it will work. But if you do not have such a capacitor in the dongle antenna input then the 5V can damage the dongle.

      You can remowe the bias-t mod by desoldering the 8.2uH coil or by inserting some capacitor in series with the live end coaxial cable.

      Delete
  45. Hi need this LNA for HackRF One, from 28 MHz and extending up to 2500 MHz , How can i order

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Contact me through the email published in the sidebar.
      Adam

      Delete
  46. Are there any specific parameters for the inductor and the resettable fuse, other than 10uH and 100 mA?

    ReplyDelete
  47. Thanks for sharing the valuable points, i think it still works.

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  48. Nice post,i found lot of information.I updated my knowledge with this blog.it can help me to crack GIS jobs in Hyderabad.

    ReplyDelete
  49. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. To order e-mail to:
      adamremove9a4qv@yahoo.com

      Delete
  50. Please contact me at iu2frl.mn(at)gmail.com your email Yahoo says is not existing

    ReplyDelete
  51. There might be some way to decrease this noise quality.
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  53. Thank You Adam! Have got two Bias-T LNAs. Top quality, splendidly working amplifiers!

    ReplyDelete
  54. Thank you for sharing valuable information.(Good Man)

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  55. Thank you a lot. Nice information really.

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  56. These Graph was derived from the automatic measurements sweeping.
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  60. I have been messing with other LNAs to receive NOAA APT and nothing comes close to the quality of this LNA4ALL. Hands down, the best LNA in the market. 137 MHz, RTL-SDR V3, John Coppens QFH, WXTOIMG, Orbitron, SDR#

    ReplyDelete
  61. Is it possible to get a component list if I purchase some PCBs for assembly? Thanks.

    ReplyDelete
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  66. Are you still making these? Amazon says they are sold out and I can't find them listed anywhere else.

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  68. Where can I order a case and how much are they??

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